September 15, 2019: Difference between revisions

From Gerald R. Lucas
(Added Treneman.)
(Added RS. Format tweaks.)
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{{Large|Mailer’s Political Resonance}}
{{Large|Mailer’s Political Resonance}}
===Themes===
===Themes===
* '''Fascism''' is humanity’s natural state{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=70}}
====Fascism====
** against political correctness{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=117}}
* is humanity’s natural state{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=70}}
*** “we’ve got to find a way to say human nature is both ugly and beautiful, and we have to deal with both.”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=127}}
* against political correctness{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=117}}
** “Americans are angrier now than at any time I’ve ever seen them.” — “rage”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=121}}
** “we’ve got to find a way to say human nature is both ugly and beautiful, and we have to deal with both.”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=127}}
** flag conservatism and moral reform{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=50, 52}}
* “Americans are angrier now than at any time I’ve ever seen them.” — “rage”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=121}}
*** strive for world empire to begin moral reform at home{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=51–52, 57}}
* flag conservatism and moral reform{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=50, 52}}
**** becomes a moral imperative{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=53}}
** strive for world empire to begin moral reform at home{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=51–52, 57}}
** See the end of {{harvtxt|Hitchens|1997|}} for a likely scenario of a fascist takeover. In some ways, it seems similar to Trump’s America, though instead of solely against black Americans, it also demonizes Mexicans and Muslims.
** becomes a moral imperative{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=53}}
*** {{harvtxt|Baumann|2016|}} compares Mailer’s analysis of Barry Goldwater and his supporters to Trump and his with some striking similarities.
* See the end of {{harvtxt|Hitchens|1997|}} for a likely scenario of a fascist takeover. In some ways, it seems similar to Trump’s America, though instead of solely against black Americans, it also demonizes Mexicans and Muslims.
*** could happen quickly because of our lack of tradition{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=108–109}}
** {{harvtxt|Baumann|2016|}} compares Mailer’s analysis of Barry Goldwater and his supporters to Trump and his with some striking similarities.
** “Compulsive adoration of our leaders is poison, after all.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=85}}
** could happen quickly because of our lack of tradition{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=108–109}}
* “Compulsive adoration of our leaders is poison, after all.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=85}}


* Personal Responsibility (The Necessity of Criticism)
====Personal Responsibility (The Necessity of Criticism)====
** “When you have a great country, it’s your duty to be critical of it so it can become even greater.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=15}}
* “When you have a great country, it’s your duty to be critical of it so it can become even greater.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=15}}
** “The politics of Norman Mailer have conventionally been evaluated more as a personal register of the American zeitgeist, and less as owing any debt or duty to ideology.”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=115}}
* “The politics of Norman Mailer have conventionally been evaluated more as a personal register of the American zeitgeist, and less as owing any debt or duty to ideology.”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=115}}
** Left Conservative — “a challenge to those who remain fixed in orthodoxy or correctness”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=116}}
* Left Conservative — “a challenge to those who remain fixed in orthodoxy or correctness”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=116}}
** '''Cancer''' is an outgrowth of inaction or conformity.{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=19}}
* '''Cancer''' is an outgrowth of inaction or conformity.{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=19}}
** “Culture’s worth huge, huge risks. Without culture we’re all totalitarian beasts.”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=126}}
* “Culture’s worth huge, huge risks. Without culture we’re all totalitarian beasts.”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=126}}
** Mike Lennon: “Truth comes out of opposition.”{{sfn|Brady|2018|}}
* Mike Lennon: “Truth comes out of opposition.”{{sfn|Brady|2018|}}


* '''Democracy''' is noble and always threatened{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=70}}
====Democracy====
** “Democracy is existential”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=16}}
* “Democracy is existential”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=16}}
*** We cannot take democracy for granted because it is always in peril and always changing.{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=16–17}}
** is noble and always threatened{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=70}}
*** Is hard-won and maintained: “The only defenses of democracy, finally, are the traditions of democracy.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=70}}
** We cannot take democracy for granted because it is always in peril and always changing.{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=16–17}}
*** '''“Democracy is a state of grace attained only by those countries that have a host of individuals not only ready to enjoy freedom but to undergo the heavy labor of maintaining it.”'''{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=71}} [bold mine]
** Is hard-won and maintained: “The only defenses of democracy, finally, are the traditions of democracy.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=70}}
*** “If our democracy is the noblest experiment in the history of civilization, it may also be the most singularly vulnerable one.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=110}}
** '''“Democracy is a state of grace attained only by those countries that have a host of individuals not only ready to enjoy freedom but to undergo the heavy labor of maintaining it.”'''{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=71}} [bold mine]
** “inimical to security”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=106}} — Mailer hopes there’s not another national crisis to push us toward fascism (Was Obama’s presidency that thing for those who are now in power?)
** “If our democracy is the noblest experiment in the history of civilization, it may also be the most singularly vulnerable one.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=110}}
** depends on critical distinctions{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=108}}
* “inimical to security”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=106}} — Mailer hopes there’s not another national crisis to push us toward fascism (Was Obama’s presidency that thing for those who are now in power?)
** links freedom to democracy, and asserts it’s just as delicate — also the thing he likes most about America{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=110}}
* depends on critical distinctions{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=108}}
* links freedom to democracy, and asserts it’s just as delicate — also the thing he likes most about America{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=110}}


* Corporate Capitalism
====Corporate Capitalism====
** “Corporate power is running this country now.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=104}} (See the discussion that follows.)
* “Corporate power is running this country now.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=104}} (See the discussion that follows.)
** against corporations,{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=117}} as they expanded into American life since WWII,{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=48}} and abroad (leading to 9/11){{sfn|Treneman|2001|}}
* against corporations,{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=117}} as they expanded into American life since WWII,{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=48}} and abroad (leading to 9/11){{sfn|Treneman|2001|}}
** contradiction; leads to greed in a “Christian nation”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=120}}
* contradiction; leads to greed in a “Christian nation”{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=120}}
*** live as an oxymoron: be altruistic / “beat everyone”
** live as an oxymoron: be altruistic / “beat everyone”
*** “money-grab” of the nineties led to a “pervasive American guilt”;{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=108}} “Christian bad conscience”{{sfn|Binelli|2007|p=69}}
** “money-grab” of the nineties led to a “pervasive American guilt”;{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=108}} “Christian bad conscience”{{sfn|Binelli|2007|p=69}}
**** “money leaches out all other values”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=108}}
** “money leaches out all other values”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=108}}
*** “Jesus and Evel Knievel don’t consort too well in one psyche.{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=46}}
** “Jesus and Evel Knievel don’t consort too well in one psyche.{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=46}}
** “Marketing was a beast and a force that succeeded in taking America away from most of us.”
* “Marketing was a beast and a force that succeeded in taking America away from most of us.”
*** created a '''culture of interruption''' that led to a '''deterioration of concentration'''. Mailer was talking about commercials on television, so arguably this problem has gotten worse with our devices and notifications.{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=89–91}}
** created a '''culture of interruption''' that led to a '''deterioration of concentration'''. Mailer was talking about commercials on television, so arguably this problem has gotten worse with our devices and notifications.{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=89–91}}
** likens corporatism to “the pall of plastic”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=46}}
* {{Anchor|Plastic}}likens corporatism to “the pall of plastic”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=46}}
*** the aim of technological society is to work everything over to plastic{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=92}}
** the aim of technological society is to work everything over to plastic{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=92}}
*** “We live in a cheaper environment now than we used to.”{{sfn|Binelli|2007|p=69}}
** “We live in a cheaper environment now than we used to.”{{sfn|Binelli|2007|p=69}}


* '''Technology''' inspires totalitarianism{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=126}}
====Technology====
** “Technology has become the dominant culture in existence and may soon be the only real culture.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=88–89}}
* inspires totalitarianism{{sfn|Hitchens|1997|p=126}}
** contributes to “the deterioration of the powers of concentration, like florescent lights, bad architecture, invasive marketing and ubiquitous plastic{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=91}}
* “more information, more connection, is not going to make us more learned—'''we could lose our connection to existence itself'''.”{{sfn|''Rolling Stone'', December 30,|1999|p=110}} [my bold] This links to the ideas about [[#Plastic|plastic]] above: plastic as a cheap material that manages to isolate us from something essential.
** frays the soul;{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=91}} “slightly deadening”{{sfn|Binelli|2007|p=70}}
* “Technology has become the dominant culture in existence and may soon be the only real culture.”{{sfn|Mailer|2003|pp=88–89}}
** substitutes power for pleasure, making us narcissistic and power-driven{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=92}}
* contributes to “the deterioration of the powers of concentration, like florescent lights, bad architecture, invasive marketing and ubiquitous plastic{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=91}}
* frays the soul;{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=91}} “slightly deadening”{{sfn|Binelli|2007|p=70}}
* substitutes power for pleasure, making us narcissistic and power-driven{{sfn|Mailer|2003|p=92}}


===Citations===
===Citations===
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===Working Bibliography===
===Working Bibliography===
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite news |last=Baumann |first=Paul |date=March 23, 2016 |title=Mailer on Trump |url=https://www.commonwealmagazine.org/mailer-trump |work=Commonweal |location= |access-date=2016-10-01 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite news |last=Baumann |first=Paul |date=March 23, 2016 |title=Mailer on Trump |url=https://www.commonwealmagazine.org/mailer-trump |work=Commonweal |location= |access-date=2016-10-01 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite journal |last=Begiebing |first=Robert |title=Norman Mailer and Joseph Ellis: Unsettling Dialogues on Democracy |url= |journal=The Mailer Review |volume=12 |issue=1 |date=2020 |pages= |access-date= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite journal |last=Begiebing |first=Robert |title=Norman Mailer and Joseph Ellis: Unsettling Dialogues on Democracy |url= |journal=The Mailer Review |volume=12 |issue=1 |date=2020 |pages= |access-date= |ref=harv }}
Line 61: Line 66:
* {{cite magazine |last=Busa |first=Christopher |date=1999 |title=Interview with Norman Mailer |url=https://outline.com/m2E6V5 |magazine=Provincetown Arts |pages=24–32 |access-date=2019-09-15 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite magazine |last=Busa |first=Christopher |date=1999 |title=Interview with Norman Mailer |url=https://outline.com/m2E6V5 |magazine=Provincetown Arts |pages=24–32 |access-date=2019-09-15 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite journal |last=Hitchens |first=Christopher |title=Norman Mailer: A Minority of One |url= |journal=New Left Review |volume=22 |issue=March/April |date=1997 |pages=115–128 |access-date= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite journal |last=Hitchens |first=Christopher |title=Norman Mailer: A Minority of One |url= |journal=New Left Review |volume=22 |issue=March/April |date=1997 |pages=115–128 |access-date= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Mailer |first=Norman |date=2013 |chapter=Immodest Proposals |title=Mind of an Outlaw |url= |location=New York |publisher=Random House |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Mailer |first=Norman |date=2013 |chapter=Immodest Proposals |title=Mind of an Outlaw |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |location=New York |publisher=Random House |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Mailer |first=Norman |authormask=1 |date=2003 |title=Why Are We at War? |url= |location=New York |publisher=Random House |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Mailer |first=Norman |authormask=1 |date=2003 |title=Why Are We at War? |url= |location=New York |publisher=Random House |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last1=Mailer |first1=Norman |last2=Mailer |first2=John Buffalo |date=2006 |title=The Big Empty |url= |location=New York |publisher=Nation Books |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last1=Mailer |first1=Norman |last2=Mailer |first2=John Buffalo |date=2006 |title=The Big Empty |url= |location=New York |publisher=Nation Books |ref=harv }}
* {{cite magazine |last=McAfee |first=Andrew |date=October 23, 2019 |title=Technology Will Keep Us From Running Out of Stuff |url=https://www.wired.com/story/technology-will-keep-us-from-running-out-of-stuff/ |magazine=Wired |pages= |access-date=2019-10-24 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite magazine |last=McAfee |first=Andrew |date=October 23, 2019 |title=Technology Will Keep Us From Running Out of Stuff |url=https://www.wired.com/story/technology-will-keep-us-from-running-out-of-stuff/ |magazine=Wired |pages= |access-date=2019-10-24 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite magazine |author=<!--none stated--> |date=December 30, 1999 |title=The Party |url= |magazine=Rolling Stone |page=110 |access-date= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite news |last=Pritchard |first=William |date=November 24, 2016 |title=Stormin’ Norman  |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/stormin-norman |work=Washington Examiner |location= |access-date=2019-10-01 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite news |last=Pritchard |first=William |date=November 24, 2016 |title=Stormin’ Norman  |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/stormin-norman |work=Washington Examiner |location= |access-date=2019-10-01 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Sheed |first=Wilfred |date=1971 |chapter=Norman Mailer: Genius or Nothing |title=The Morning After: Selected Essays and Reviews |url= |location=New York |publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux |pages=9–17 |isbn= |author-link= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Sheed |first=Wilfred |date=1971 |chapter=Norman Mailer: Genius or Nothing |title=The Morning After: Selected Essays and Reviews |url= |location=New York |publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux |pages=9–17 |isbn= |author-link= |ref=harv }}
* {{cite news |last=Treneman |first=Ann |date=September 13, 2001 |title='Ruin more beautiful than the building' |url=https://www.timemachinego.com/linkmachinego/norman-mailer-ruin-more-beautiful-than-the-building/ |work=Times |location=London |access-date=2019-10-26 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite news |last=Treneman |first=Ann |date=September 13, 2001 |title='Ruin more beautiful than the building' |url=https://www.timemachinego.com/linkmachinego/norman-mailer-ruin-more-beautiful-than-the-building/ |work=Times |location=London |access-date=2019-10-26 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite news |last=Wade |first=Francis |date=August 12, 2019 |title=Reading 'The Armies of the Night' in an Age of Youth Protest |url=https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/rereading-armies-night/ |work=LA Review of Books |location= |access-date=2019-09-15 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite news |last=Wade |first=Francis |date=August 12, 2019 |title=Reading 'The Armies of the Night' in an Age of Youth Protest |url=https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/rereading-armies-night/ |work=LA Review of Books |location= |access-date=2019-09-15 |ref=harv }}
{{Refend}}


{{2019|state=expanded}}
{{2019|state=expanded}}

Revision as of 09:47, 26 October 2019

Mailer’s Political Resonance

Themes

Fascism

  • is humanity’s natural state[1]
  • against political correctness[2]
    • “we’ve got to find a way to say human nature is both ugly and beautiful, and we have to deal with both.”[3]
  • “Americans are angrier now than at any time I’ve ever seen them.” — “rage”[4]
  • flag conservatism and moral reform[5]
    • strive for world empire to begin moral reform at home[6]
    • becomes a moral imperative[7]
  • See the end of Hitchens (1997) for a likely scenario of a fascist takeover. In some ways, it seems similar to Trump’s America, though instead of solely against black Americans, it also demonizes Mexicans and Muslims.
    • Baumann (2016) compares Mailer’s analysis of Barry Goldwater and his supporters to Trump and his with some striking similarities.
    • could happen quickly because of our lack of tradition[8]
  • “Compulsive adoration of our leaders is poison, after all.”[9]

Personal Responsibility (The Necessity of Criticism)

  • “When you have a great country, it’s your duty to be critical of it so it can become even greater.”[10]
  • “The politics of Norman Mailer have conventionally been evaluated more as a personal register of the American zeitgeist, and less as owing any debt or duty to ideology.”[11]
  • Left Conservative — “a challenge to those who remain fixed in orthodoxy or correctness”[12]
  • Cancer is an outgrowth of inaction or conformity.[13]
  • “Culture’s worth huge, huge risks. Without culture we’re all totalitarian beasts.”[14]
  • Mike Lennon: “Truth comes out of opposition.”[15]

Democracy

  • “Democracy is existential”[16]
    • is noble and always threatened[1]
    • We cannot take democracy for granted because it is always in peril and always changing.[17]
    • Is hard-won and maintained: “The only defenses of democracy, finally, are the traditions of democracy.”[1]
    • “Democracy is a state of grace attained only by those countries that have a host of individuals not only ready to enjoy freedom but to undergo the heavy labor of maintaining it.”[18] [bold mine]
    • “If our democracy is the noblest experiment in the history of civilization, it may also be the most singularly vulnerable one.”[19]
  • “inimical to security”[20] — Mailer hopes there’s not another national crisis to push us toward fascism (Was Obama’s presidency that thing for those who are now in power?)
  • depends on critical distinctions[21]
  • links freedom to democracy, and asserts it’s just as delicate — also the thing he likes most about America[19]

Corporate Capitalism

  • “Corporate power is running this country now.”[22] (See the discussion that follows.)
  • against corporations,[2] as they expanded into American life since WWII,[23] and abroad (leading to 9/11)[24]
  • contradiction; leads to greed in a “Christian nation”[25]
    • live as an oxymoron: be altruistic / “beat everyone”
    • “money-grab” of the nineties led to a “pervasive American guilt”;[21] “Christian bad conscience”[26]
    • “money leaches out all other values”[21]
    • “Jesus and Evel Knievel don’t consort too well in one psyche.[27]
  • “Marketing was a beast and a force that succeeded in taking America away from most of us.”
    • created a culture of interruption that led to a deterioration of concentration. Mailer was talking about commercials on television, so arguably this problem has gotten worse with our devices and notifications.[28]
  • likens corporatism to “the pall of plastic”[27]
    • the aim of technological society is to work everything over to plastic[29]
    • “We live in a cheaper environment now than we used to.”[26]

Technology

  • inspires totalitarianism[14]
  • “more information, more connection, is not going to make us more learned—we could lose our connection to existence itself.”[30] [my bold] This links to the ideas about plastic above: plastic as a cheap material that manages to isolate us from something essential.
  • “Technology has become the dominant culture in existence and may soon be the only real culture.”[31]
  • contributes to “the deterioration of the powers of concentration, like florescent lights, bad architecture, invasive marketing and ubiquitous plastic[32]
  • frays the soul;[32] “slightly deadening”[33]
  • substitutes power for pleasure, making us narcissistic and power-driven[29]

Citations

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Mailer 2003, p. 70.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Hitchens 1997, p. 117.
  3. Hitchens 1997, p. 127.
  4. Hitchens 1997, p. 121.
  5. Mailer 2003, pp. 50, 52.
  6. Mailer 2003, pp. 51–52, 57.
  7. Mailer 2003, p. 53.
  8. Mailer 2003, pp. 108–109.
  9. Mailer 2003, p. 85.
  10. Mailer 2003, p. 15.
  11. Hitchens 1997, p. 115.
  12. Hitchens 1997, p. 116.
  13. Mailer 2003, p. 19.
  14. 14.0 14.1 Hitchens 1997, p. 126.
  15. Brady 2018.
  16. Mailer 2003, p. 16.
  17. Mailer 2003, pp. 16–17.
  18. Mailer 2003, p. 71.
  19. 19.0 19.1 Mailer 2003, p. 110.
  20. Mailer 2003, p. 106.
  21. 21.0 21.1 21.2 Mailer 2003, p. 108.
  22. Mailer 2003, p. 104.
  23. Mailer 2003, p. 48.
  24. Treneman 2001.
  25. Hitchens 1997, p. 120.
  26. 26.0 26.1 Binelli 2007, p. 69.
  27. 27.0 27.1 Mailer 2003, p. 46.
  28. Mailer 2003, pp. 89–91.
  29. 29.0 29.1 Mailer 2003, p. 92.
  30. Rolling Stone, December 30, 1999, p. 110.
  31. Mailer 2003, pp. 88–89.
  32. 32.0 32.1 Mailer 2003, p. 91.
  33. Binelli 2007, p. 70.

Working Bibliography

  • Baumann, Paul (March 23, 2016). "Mailer on Trump". Commonweal. Retrieved 2016-10-01.
  • Begiebing, Robert (2020). "Norman Mailer and Joseph Ellis: Unsettling Dialogues on Democracy". The Mailer Review. 12 (1).
  • Binelli, Mark (May 2007). "Norman Mailer". Rolling Stone. pp. 69, 72.
  • Brady, Amy (March 22, 2018). "Why Norman Mailer Still Matters in 2018". Village Voice. Retrieved 2018-04-23.
  • Busa, Christopher (1999). "Interview with Norman Mailer". Provincetown Arts. pp. 24–32. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
  • Hitchens, Christopher (1997). "Norman Mailer: A Minority of One". New Left Review. 22 (March/April): 115–128.
  • Mailer, Norman (2013). "Immodest Proposals". In Sipiora, Phillip. Mind of an Outlaw. New York: Random House.
  • — (2003). Why Are We at War?. New York: Random House.
  • Mailer, Norman; Mailer, John Buffalo (2006). The Big Empty. New York: Nation Books.
  • McAfee, Andrew (October 23, 2019). "Technology Will Keep Us From Running Out of Stuff". Wired. Retrieved 2019-10-24.
  • "The Party". Rolling Stone. December 30, 1999. p. 110.
  • Pritchard, William (November 24, 2016). "Stormin' Norman". Washington Examiner. Retrieved 2019-10-01.
  • Sheed, Wilfred (1971). "Norman Mailer: Genius or Nothing". The Morning After: Selected Essays and Reviews. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. pp. 9–17.
  • Treneman, Ann (September 13, 2001). "'Ruin more beautiful than the building'". Times. London. Retrieved 2019-10-26.
  • Wade, Francis (August 12, 2019). "Reading 'The Armies of the Night' in an Age of Youth Protest". LA Review of Books. Retrieved 2019-09-15.